Federal state class 8.

 Very short answer questions

1. What is federal system?
Federal system is a political system in which a country is divided into diffcrent states or provinces with autonomous power.

2. What do you mean by decentralization?
The practice of taking power away from the union and state governments and giving it to local governments is called decentralization.

3. When was Nepal declared as 'Federal Democratic Republican State?
Nepal was declared "Federal Democratic Republican State" on 15th Jestha 2065 BS.

4. What are the different administrative units under federal system?
There are three administrative units i.e. Central unit, Provincial unit and Local unit.

5. Into how many provinces has Nepal been divided?
The Constitution of Nepal, has divided Nepal into 7 provinces.

6. When was When was Federalism implemented in Nepal?
Federalism was implemented in Nepal in 2063 BS.

Short answer questions

1. Mention the importance of federalism.
The importance of federalism are:
• Nepal is a geographically, culturally and ethnically diverse country so, people from all background can get equal respect, rights and opportunities.

• It will also help in the rapid development of the country as the states will make plans and policies that are suitable for that particular state and its people, along with competitive development among different states.

• It will decentralize the power so people can exercise all the rights and services from their local area.

• It will also reduce the stress and pressure on the central government as the state and local government will administer their respective areas.

2. Mention the structure of the federal system of government of Nepal.
The new constitution of Nepal has introduced a three-tier structure of federal government (federal, province, and local) and all three levels have the constitutional power to enact laws, prepare budgets, and mobilize their own resources.

3. Write down three powers each of federal, provincial and local units of governance have according to our constitutional provision.
Federal Powers
1.Protection of national
2.unity and territorial integrity
3.Relating to national
security

Provincial Powers
1.State civil service and other government services
2.State level electricity, irrigation and water supply services, navigation

3.State universities,higher education,Libraries, museums

Powers of Local Level
1.Municipal police
2.Cooperatives
3.FM operation
4.Local development projects and programs.



4. List out the merits and challenging factors of federal system.
The merits of federal system are:

1.Maintains close relation between the state and its people,
2.Optimum use of means and resources,
3.Conflict may settle at local level,
4.Wide public participation in government activities,
5.Preservation of local arts, culture and heritages,
6.Decentralization of power,
7.Acceleration of development works,

The challenging factors of federal system are:

1.Conflict between the states in regards of using natural resources of border areas,'
2.Expensive form of government,
3.Misunderstanding may arise between central and state government regarding the sharing of power and authority,
4.Difficult to address the needs and demands of every minority.
5.Dangers of division or disintegration,
6.Unequal distribution of wealth,
7.Challenge to maintain equal recognition to all cultural groups.

Questions add:

5.FederaIism is more democratic and inclusive than the unitary system of government. Justify the statement with four reasons.

It is true that federalism is more democratic
and inclusive than the unitary system of
government. It is so because of the following
reasons:

1.Federalism carries the concept of
'decentralization of power i.e. power is
proportionally divided among the states.
2.The states in a federal system are divided
on the basis of geographical diversity and
its unique culture, tradition or history.
Thus, they carry each aspect with the
principle of inclusiveness.
3.The means and resources can be utilized
in optimum way in this system for
materializing the concept of proportionate
development in all parts of a country.
4.In the federal system, people can form
their own plans, policies and programs as
Per their need and will.

6.Why is Nepal divided into districts and development regions?
Nepal is divided into districts and development
regions due to the following reasons:
For the balanced development in every region
For the utilisation of local resources of the place
For the effective administration of theplace
For the proportional representation of
different people of different regions in the
government.


7.Why is Nepal divided into five development region?

Nepal is divided into five development region
because of the following reasons.

To decrease regional disparity To mobilize natural resources properly
To create employment opportunities
To ensure sustainable development
To maintain balance in population distribution
To promote the feeling of unity
To make administration smooth and effective
To create harmonious development