Concept of Demography class 8

 Long answer questions 

1. Explain the scopes studied within demography.
The scopes of demography are described below:

1. Major Demographic Process: Fertility, mortality and migration arc the major demographic processes. These three processes cause the change in the size, structure and the distribution of population.

2. Population Statistics: Population statistics is needed for the study of fertility rate, mortality rate, migration rate, distribution of population, population growth rate etc. The study of population statistics is an important part in the study of demography.

3. Population Distribution: Population distribution of any area is in a certain pattern. Some places are densely populated whereas some places are sparsely populated. For example: the density of population of Terai region is more than that of the mountain region of Nepal.

4. Causes of Population Growth: The causes of population growth are the important subject matters of demography. When the causes of the population growth are identified and its consequences are analyzed, then the measures
to solve the problems can be discovered.

5. Consequences of Population Growth: There are countless problems in the world creatcd by the population growth. The problems related to food, shelter, health, job opportunity, education, entertainment, etc are some of the examples.

6. Sexual and Reproductive Health Education: Under the sexual and reproduetive health education, the physiological structure and child bearing, birth control, subjects related to the human sex, ete are studied. These elements affcct the fertility rate significantly.

7. Population Policies and programmes: Population policies and programmes are also important subject matters of demography. Every nation has its own population policy and programme.


2. Introduce demography. Show the demographic components, processes and measures in a table.

The subject that studies the human population is called demography. 
                             Demographic

Components            

Birth
Death
Migration

Processes

Fertility
Mortality
Migration

Measures

Fertility Rates
Mortality Rates
Migration Rates